Family

• Fabaceae - Caesalpiniaceae and Leguminosae - Caesalpiniaceae

Constituents

• Resin oil: sesquiterpenes (beta-caryophyllene) and diterpene acids (copalic)
• Leaves and bark: terpenes and phenolics

Parts used

• Resinous oil extracted from the stem, bark and leaves.

Properties

• Anti-inflammatory
• Gastroprotective
• Antifungal
• Expectorant
• Antibacterial
• Antitumoral
• Diuretic
• Carminative
• Local anti-inflammatory

Indications

Internal use

• Stomach problems
• Athlete's foot
• Cough
• Bronchitis
• Diarrhoea

External use

• Wounds
• Acne
• Boils
• Psoriasis
• Insect bites

Side effects

• High doses may cause nausea, vomiting, cramps with diarrhoea.

Contraindications

• Avoid by pregnant and breastfeeding women.

How to use

• Pure resin oil
• Teas
• Creams
• Lotions
• Soaps