Definition of the pathology

Endometriosis is a disease defined by the presence outside the uterus of fragments of the lining of the uterus (endometrium) or 'endometrial tissue', which consists of glands and stroma (tissue that supports, protects and connects the nerves, blood vessels and lymphatics it contains).

Endometriosis lesions have the same characteristics as the endometrium. In particular, they are sensitive to the effects of ovarian hormones (oestrogens). This is why endometriosis is called an "oestrogen-dependent disease".

Endometriosis manifests itself in women of childbearing age (i.e. during the period of genital activity), sometimes as early as adolescence. It is a chronic condition that disappears with the menopause.